

Down the drain but they are much lower in countries like Germany, Italy, and South Korea where there’s massive Hausfrau + Breadwinner cultural expectations. Wealth and autonomy decreases birthrates - letting women have careers and children gives you less of a decrease.
Reduction in birthrate is a problem when you decide that infinitely growing the human population is how you get prosperity. If you think the birthrate should be 4 so there’s always a lot more young people than pensioners.
Even with a birthrate lower than replacement it will take a very long time to significantly reduce any country’s population.
Jesus Christ, exclude Italy as well while you’re at it
PS You forgot Iceland.